HAZMAT SAFETY & SECURITY FIELD OPERATIONAL TEST - Table of Contents - Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

NOTICE: This document has been approved for public disclosure. Appendix E containing Sensitive Security Information has been removed. References to this appendix remain in the document.

Technical Report Documentation Page

ABSTRACT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ACRONYMS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.0 INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Background
- 1.2 Stakeholder Involvement and Benefits
- 1.3 Field Operational Test Requirements
- 1.4 Description and Organization of this Document
- 1.5 Project Team
2.0 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION
- 2.1 Industry Profile
  - 2.1.1 Industry Dynamics
  - 2.1.2 Sector and Commodity Growth
- 2.2 Hazmat Industry Technology Analysis
  - 2.2.1 Objective
  - 2.2.2 Methodology
  - 2.2.3 General Findings
- 2.3 Technology Compendium
  - 2.3.1 Objective
  - 2.3.2 Methodology
  - 2.3.3 Results
  - 2.3.4 Technologies
3.0 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND APPROACH
- 3.1 Prescribed Research Objectives
- 3.2 Adaptation of the Research Objectives to the Field Operational Test
  - 3.2.1 Threats and Vulnerabilities
  - 3.2.2 Scenario Development
- 3.3 Technologies Addressing the Research Objectives
4.0 METHODOLOGY AND CONDUCT OF THE FIELD OPERATIONAL TEST
- 4.1 Overview
- 4.2 Threat and Vulnerability Analysis
  - 4.2.1 Consequence Analysis
  - 4.2.2 Results
- 4.3 Scenario Development
- 4.4 Deployment - Technologies and Operational Considerations
  - 4.4.1 FOT Design Criteria
  - 4.4.2 Technology Components
  - 4.4.3 Technology Selection Rationale
  - 4.4.4 Scenario Development
  - 4.4.5 Design and Installations
  - 4.4.6 Conduct the FOT Beta Test
  - 4.4.7 FOT Data Collection
- 4.5 Addressing Functional Requirements
  - 4.5.1 FR 1.1 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by the Shipper
  - 4.5.2 FR 1.2 Hazmat Cargo Verification by the Driver, Dispatcher, and Receiver
  - 4.5.3 FR1.3 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by the Vehicle
  - 4.5.4 FR 1.4 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.5 FR 1.5 Hazmat Cargo Tampering Alert to the Driver and the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.6 FR 1.6 Remote Cargo Locking and Unlocking by the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.7 FR 2.1 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by Dispatcher
  - 4.5.8 FR 2.2 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by Roadside Safety Enforcement Officers
  - 4.5.9 FR 2.3 Hazmat Cargo Location Tracking by the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.10 FR 2.4 Hazmat Cargo Route Adherence by the Dispatcher and Roadside Safety Enforcement Officers, as Required, Based on the Quantity and Type of Hazmat being Transported
  - 4.5.11 FR 2.5 Untethered Trailer Notification and Tracking by Dispatcher
  - 4.5.12 FR 2.6 Hazmat Cargo Tampering Alert to the Driver and the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.13 FR 2.7 Remote Cargo Locking and Unlocking by the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.14 FR 2.8 Real-time Emergency Alert Message Notification by the Driver to the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.15 FR 2.10 Real-time Emergency Alert Message Notification by the Vehicle to the Dispatcher if Vehicle Senses an Unauthorized Driver
  - 4.5.16 FR 2.11 Real-time Emergency Alert Message Notification by the Dispatcher to Local and State Law Enforcement Officials and Emergency Responders
  - 4.5.17 FR 2.12 Remote Hazmat Vehicle Disabling by the Driver
  - 4.5.18 FR 2.13 Remote Hazmat Vehicle Disabling by the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.19 FR 2.14 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by the Vehicle if the Vehicle is Motionless for 10 Minutes
  - 4.5.20 FR 3.1 Remote Cargo Locking and Unlocking by the Dispatcher
  - 4.5.21 FR 3.2 Hazmat Driver Identification and Verification by the Receiver
  - 4.5.22 FR 3.3 Hazmat Cargo Verification by the Receiver
  - 4.5.23 FR 3.4 Receiver Confirmation of Received Cargo to the Driver and Dispatcher
- 4.6 Issues Identified and Lessons Learned from the Field Operational Test
  - 4.6.1Technology and Operational Issues
5.0 FINDINGS AND NEXT STEPS
- 5.1 Hazardous Materials Industry
- 5.2 Technology Issues and Opportunities
  - 5.2.1 Biometrics
  - 5.2.2 Wireless Vehicle Tracking and Communications
  - 5.2.3 Cargo Management
  - 5.2.4 Trailer Locks
  - 5.2.5 Electronic Freight Data
  - 5.2.6 Exception-Based Testing
  - 5.2.7 Geofencing
  - 5.2.8 Trailer Tracking
- 5.3 Data Privacy Issues
- 5.4 Summary of Findings
6.0 REFERENCES

List of Appendices

Appendix A. Detailed Scenario Descriptions
Appendix B. Hazmat Industry Technology Analysis
Appendix C. Technology Compendium
Appendix D. Beta Test
Appendix E. Sensitive Information

List of Tables

Table ES-1: Technology Components by Scenario
Table 1. FOT Requirements
Table 2. Organization of FOT Final Report
Table 3. Battelle Team Members
Table 4. Estimated Annual Growth Rate by Industry Sector
Table 5. Industry Characteristics by Number of Units Operated
Table 6. Hazmat Carriers Range of Operation
Table 7. Proposed Scenario Descriptions
Table 8. Mapping Research Objectives to FOT Technologies
Table 10. COTS Technology Providers
Table 11. Technology Tiers
Table 12. Technology Components by Scenario
Table 13. Scenario Participants
Table 14. FOT Training Schedule
Table 15. FOT Participants by Scenario
Table 16. FOT Carrier Size and Commodity Characteristics
Table 17. Technologies by Focus Area
Table A-1. Technologies per Truck on Scenario (1a)
Table A-2. Technologies per Truck on Scenario (1b)
Table A-3. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 2a
Table A-4. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 2b
Table A-5. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 3a
Table A-6. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 3b
Table A-7. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 3c
Table A-8. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 4a
Table A-9. Technologies per Truck on Scenario 4b
Table B-1. Number of Power Units Operated by Company Size
Table B-2. Range of Operation Comparison
Table B-3. Comparing Route Variability with Range of Operation
Table B-4. Comparing Motor Carrier Size to Average Length of Haul
Table B-5. Comparing Classifications of Hazmat Hauled by Operation Type
Table B-6. Cross Tabulation of Company Size and Hazmat Transported
Table B-7. Comparing Security Concerns with Range of Operation
Table B-8. Security Solutions
Table B-9. Comparison of Respondent Size to the Industry, by Operating Range
Table E-1. Reference Component Vulnerabilities
Table E-2. Threat Based Material Classifications
Table E-3. Intentional Release Consequence Estimates for Bulk/Truckload
Table E-4. Intentional Release Consequence Estimates for LTL
Table E-5. Unintentional Release Consequence Estimates
Table E-6. Attack Profile Weights
Table E-7. Material Category Weights
Table E-8. Attack Profile Rankings
Table E-9. Material Rankings
Table E-10. Mapping Functional Requirements to Scenarios and Vulnerabilities

List of Figures

Figure ES 1: DOT Framework for FOT
Figure 1. Hazmat Transported/CFS 1997
Figure 2. Hazardous Material Transported by Company (FOT Participants)
Figure 3. Current and Future Technology Use
Figure 4. Compendium Technologies
Figure 5. Prescribed Research Objectives
Figure 6. Process Flow
Figure 7. Hazmat FOT High-Level System Architecture Overview
Figure 8. Wireless Satellite
Figure 9. Digital Phone
Figure 10. Dash Mounted Panic Button
Figure 11. Wireless Panic Button
Figure 12. Biometric Identification
Figure 13. Cargo Locking
Figure 14. Smart Seal Tag
Figure 15. Geofencing
Figure 16. Trailer Tracking Subsystem
Figure 17. Tethered Device
Figure 18. FOT Technology Installation, Operation, and Removal Schedule
Figure B-1. Analysis of MCMIS Hazmat Carriers
Figure B-2. Commodity Flow Survey 1997 - Hazmat Transported
Figure B-3. FOT Industry Analysis of Hazardous Material Transported
Figure B-4. Analysis of Security Concerns and Issues
Figure B-5. Company Security Concerns and Issues
Figure B-6. Company Current and Future Technology Use
Figure D-1. Beta Test Route
Figure D-2. Global Login Data